Hard Money Facts

CNBC’s Squawk Box recently reported that through the first eight months of 2023, the real estate investment community turned to private lenders to fund their deals 70% of the time. It’s no secret why single-family real estate investors choose private lenders over traditional banks: speed. The private lending community moves faster than traditional banks and, thanks to their business acumen and experience, is more likely to take mitigated risks during uncertain times.

That said, it is not uncommon for real estate investors to hear “no” from lenders in periods of market volatility. When interest rates are high, lenders—especially those backed by Wall Street—are far more scrupulous of the deals coming across their desk, which can extend their time to approve or deny your loan. The longer it takes for your deal to be approved—the greater the likelihood of the deal falling through. A “no” hurts, but if received in a timely manner, still leaves you with time to find financing elsewhere. A “slow no” can be death by a thousand cuts, evaporating the time you need to find a financing solution. 

What’s an investor to do? Here are a few practices single-family real estate investors can employ to circumvent a “slow no” from private lenders, as told from three of Residential Capital Partners’ account executives, James Loffredo, Kyle Dreyer, and Hunter McLean.

The first rule of investing: don’t lose money. The second rule: don’t forget the first. (Thank you, Warren Buffet.)

Residential Capital Partners has been in the investment-making business for over 25 years. Along with my three partners, we’ve adhered strongly to rules one and two, as well as generating several other investment principles to live by, gleaned by our own experiences—namely in respect to the importance of due diligence, rigorous financial analysis, and conservative exit expectations to mitigate risk and protect margin.

The following principles have shaped the structure and growth of Residential Capital Partners over the past 15 years, but they’re applicable for any investor, whether you’re wholesaling houses, rehabbing and flipping houses, or investing in single family rentals to build wealth. 

In business as in life, you’re only as strong as your relationships. Which is why we’re so proud of our relationships with HomeVestors franchisees over the last 15 years. Our relationship spans the global financial crisis of 2008, the global pandemic of 2020 and the rising interest rate environment of 2023. Through it all, we have been honored to help the franchisees at HomeVestors succeed in good times and bad.

Henry Ford said it best: “Coming together is a beginning; keeping together is progress; working together is success.”

To tell our story of success with HomeVestors, we gathered Residential Capital Partners’ leadership and a couple of HomeVestors’ top performing franchisees for an interview that’s been a long time coming.

How did HomeVestors and Residential Capital Partners first join forces?

Paul: Everyone in finance has a story from 2008. For Residential Capital Partners, it was the beginning of our relationship with HomeVestors. The global financial crisis created a void of credit in the single-family rehab and rental marketplace and HomeVestors needed a balance sheet lender to supply financing for its franchisees. Wall Street shut down and traditional banks sat on their hands, but we decided to lean in and provide capital to the HomeVestor franchisee community because we were so impressed with their training, work ethic and values. Since that time, we’ve closed 3,153 loans for HomeVestors franchisees.

Single-family real estate investors are usually good with numbers – they have to be in order to achieve success in the real estate investment business. The math equation going into every real estate investment is paramount to profitability – which makes it easy to get fixated on finding the lowest possible interest rate (especially when interest rates are high), and potentially overlook the signs of a wily lender attempting a bait-and-switch.

Suspicious you’re not getting the deal that got you to walk in the door? Here are the telltale signs your private lender does not have your best interest in mind, and how to avoid the bait-and-switch trap:

Networking is an essential skill for success in any industry. For house flippers, it can open doors to new opportunities, partnerships, and perspectives that can help you scale your business. (Even when interest rates are high!) Business cards and social media groups are a good start – but the following underused strategies will give you an edge over the competition.

Demand for affordable housing remains high, which is good news for single-family real estate investors across America. As the single-family rental (SFR) industry continues to mature and become more institutional across the board, many investors are opting to keep their flips as rental properties.

The steps to fix-and-flip and fix-and-hold are similar, but there are important things to consider as you build a rental portfolio. You’ll want to answer some strategic questions on your journey to building long-term wealth.

Should I Choose a Fixed or Adjustable Rate?

After nine consecutive rate hikes by the Federal Reserve since March 2022 and a Fed Funds rate over 5%, every investor in America is acutely aware of interest rates and the impact they can have on their investment. For the SFR investor looking for the right financing solution for a rental property, there are two options: a mid-term or long-term approach.

The mid-term solution comes in the form of a 5, 7, or 10-year interest-only, adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM). The benefits of a mid-term solution are two-fold: 1.) You only pay interest on the principal balance of the loan, which means cashflow is higher than that of a fully amortizing loan, and 2.) You have a window of time to assess long-term interest rates and plan for the day when you ultimately lock in a long-term 15 or 30-year financing solution. The risk of an ARM is that long-term interest rates move higher than your existing interest rate during the 5, 7 or 10-year window and you get stuck in a negative leverage situation.

The long-term solution comes in the form of a 15 or 30-year fully amortizing, fixed rate mortgage. The benefits of the long-term solution are also two-fold: 1.) You have certainty of what your mortgage payment will be over the long-term, regardless of what happens in the interest rate market, and 2.) At the end of the financing period, the asset will be free and clear of all debt while still providing a steady stream of cashflow. The downside of a long-term solution is that these mortgages typically come with hefty pre-payment penalties over the first five years of the mortgage period, which makes it more costly if you want to refinance the asset as/if long-term interest rates move down during that five-year period.

Related: 5 Ways Rental Properties Make You Money 

Down payments are typical in private lending. Real estate investors usually accept down payments as a necessary part of financing their rehab, focusing instead on finding the lowest rate. But your down payment has a huge impact on your business. Down payments leave you cash poor in a cash intensive game.

The terms of fix-and-flip private loans can differ from lender to lender, and sometimes even deal to deal. (Sadly, the bait-and-switch method still lives on in private lending. Luckily, our terms never change.) It’s a frustrating task to try and create an apples-to-apples comparison of loan terms, which is why sometimes investors eschew much of the information about their loans to focus on a single element: interest rate. But interest rates are only one influencing factor in the overall cost and quality of your loan. It’s mission-critical to understand each line item of your terms and know exactly how much you’ll have to bring with you on closing day (ideally… as little as possible!).

To understand the big picture, let’s unpack the most common terms written into a fix-and-flip private loan, and their impact on your ROI.

Amount Funded

It’s always a good day to get a check in the mail (or transfer to your account) from your rental properties. Your net cash flow is the money you get from your tenants, minus expenses and your loan payment.

Example: You purchase a $120,000 rental home. Tenants pay you $1,200 monthly. If your expenses and loan are $1,100, your net cash flow on a monthly basis is $100. Granted, $1,200 a year isn’t a large chunk of change. It’s more like the cherry on top of the other ways rental properties make you money. Compare it to the dividend of a stock; it’s likely not your primary reason for the investment, but it sure doesn’t hurt.

Related: Learn tips and tricks on calculating ARV from Michael Blatney, Portfolio Underwriting Manager.

Does this scenario sound familiar?

You find an amazing investment property. Your heart is set on it. You scramble to find a private lender to close the deal—and things fall apart. Perhaps the lender denies you because it’s not one of their target markets. Or you can’t get them on the phone and another investor beats you to the punch. Or maybe—most infuriatingly—a Wall Street market turn makes your lender lose confidence and you’re left at the closing table without a closed deal wondering…. where did I go wrong?

There’s only one way to prevent every one of these scenarios: begin with the end in mind. (This is also one of Stephen Covey’s seven habits of highly effective people.) Select your lender before you look for properties, and do so with scrutiny. Choosing your lender first allows you to position your dominos so you can knock them all down, flawlessly, on closing day.

There are numerous private lenders out there. So how do you begin to compare? Ask the following questions, and the right relationship will become apparent:

Here are some things to consider when budgeting to flip vs. hold.

What is your private lender’s source of capital?

Few investors pay much mind to where their lender’s cash comes from. But you should, because many private lenders are backed by Wall Street sources of capital. So when the capital markets are all up and to the right, these private lenders close a high number of deals. But when the winds of Wall Street change—which they do from time to time—they cancel deals, alter terms or close up shop until the wind blows over leaving you, the investor, stranded.

Look for a private lender that uses their own money: a balance sheet lender. Residential Capital Partners is a balance sheet lender that controls its own destiny as well as yours through use of its own capital on each closed deal. That’s how we thrived during the 2008 housing crisis and throughout the 2020 pandemic. We approved countless deals for investors whose initial lender changed the terms of the deal at the closing table or flat out walked away from the closing table during a bear market.

Now that we’re less than half a year away from 2022, what do we know so far about 2021? In the last year alone, median values of single-family homes and condos rose more than 10% nationally. This rising surge of new house hunters and a super tight supply of housing inventory was also impacted by an ongoing pandemic. With mortgage rates remarkably low, home buying became an attractive option for many Americans seeking more space, a second home, or a work-from-home office with a better view.

SLIGHT DIP OR REAL DOWNTURN?

Now, halfway into the 10th year in this housing boom, many home investors wonder: will real estate markets flatline or drop? How long will these high prices last? While we can’t see into the future, we have some new data about how 2021 compares so far to prior years, both before and since the housing boom. According to a report from ATTOM, fix-and-flip real estate investments have fallen to the lowest level since 2000. In the first quarter of 2021, the same report cites only one in 37 transactions, or only 2.7% of home sales, were flips. Compare that figure to where we were in the first quarter of 2020: down from 7.5%, or one in 13 sales were categorized as fix-and-flips.

Flipping a house requires money – lots of money. Beyond the purchase price, single-family investors must come out of pocket for legal fees, appraisal fees, title costs, closing costs, home inspections, rehab costs and disposition costs. In a Seller’s market, these costs have a tendency to go the way of home appreciation…up, up, up and away. Given the median purchase price for existing homes in June 2020 of $295,300, these numbers add up fast especially when you are doing more than one flip investment at a time.

Whether you are flipping one, two, or dozens of houses per year: maintaining adequate cash reserves is critical to keeping your operation up-and-running, so that you can realize the back end profits associated with your investment. As they say…cash is king!

That is why so many single-family investors look for a financing partner to fund their fix-and-flip investment properties. Having more cash on hand gives you, the investor, flexibility in a dynamic market whether that means more cash to realize an unexpected opportunity, more cash to negotiate a better deal with a faster close or more cash to give you peace of mind through the investment cycle. Knowing which available financing options will give you the most flexibility as an investor is the key.

Your inbox: it’s overflowing. Your desk: it’s piled high. Your mind: it’s scattered, to say the least.

A seller’s market can be a godsend when you’ve just rehabbed a promising fix-and-flip property. But when a seller’s market brings you a high volume of offers, things can get complicated fast. Overwhelmed by your good luck, you may be tempted to simply select the highest offer from the stack.

Don’t. Competition breeds excellence. Use the forces at play in the market to your advantage. Borrowers may lie to you. Markets never will.

Follow these negotiation best practices:

1. Highest and Best Offer

If you are staring at a stack of offers on your rehabbed property, then you have done something right. Now, take your game to the next level. Study the offers that have come in comparing price, closing timeframe, conditions to close, etc., and use the best terms of each offer to outline what would be your perfect offer from the perfect buyer. Pick the 3 to 5 of the strongest buyers that:

• Have the best price and terms.
• Have the most experience.
• Have the strongest proof of funds letter or balance sheet presentation.

Call these buyers and tell them they have been hand selected out of many to sharpen their initial offer into a Highest and Best Offer. Tell them they have until 5:00 PM to get their final offer to you. Tell them you will call them by 6:00 PM to inform them if they won or lost. If they ask, have your “perfect offer” list by your side to give them a hint of where they need to improve. And then, go enjoy your day until the clock strikes 5:00 PM.